Nhanganyaya: Sei mitemo yeAPI yakakosha zvikuru kumavharuvhu eindasitiri?
Mumaindasitiri ane njodzi huru akadai semafuta negesi, makemikari nemagetsi, kuchengetedzeka nekuvimbika kwemavharuvhu kunogona kukanganisa zvakananga kugadzikana kwemasisitimu ekugadzira. Mitemo yakatarwa neAPI (American Petroleum Institute) ndiyo Bhaibheri rehunyanzvi remavharuvhu emaindasitiri pasi rese. Pakati pawo, API 607 neAPI 608 ndiwo matsanangudzo akakosha anowanzo taurwa nemainjiniya nevatengi.
Chinyorwa chino chichaongorora zvakadzama mutsauko, mamiriro ekushandiswa uye mapoinzi ekutevedzera mitemo iyi miviri.
Chitsauko 1: Kududzirwa kwakadzama kwe API 607 standard
1.1 Tsananguro yakajairika uye chinangwa chikuru
API 607 "Chinhu chekuongorora moto che 1/4 turn valves uye non-metallic valve seat valves" chinotarisa pakusimbisa mashandiro ekuvhara mavharuvhu mumamiriro emoto. Shanduro yechinomwe yazvino inowedzera tembiricha yekuedza kubva pa 1400°F (760°C) kusvika 1500°F (816°C) kuti ifananidze mamiriro emoto akanyanya kuoma.
1.2 Tsananguro yakadzama yezvikamu zvikuru zvebvunzo
- Nguva yemoto: maminetsi makumi matatu ekupisa nguva dzose + maminetsi gumi nemashanu enguva yekutonhora
- Mwero wekubuda kwemvura: Kubuda kwemvura kwakanyanya kunobvumidzwa hakupfuure ISO 5208 Mwero A
- Nzira yekuyedza: Kuyedza kwakasanganiswa kwegasi rinobvira (methane/gasi rechisikigo) nemvura
- Mamiriro ekumanikidzwa: Kuedzwa kwesimba kwe80% yekumanikidzwa kwakayerwa
Chitsauko 2: Kuongorora kwehunyanzvi hwe API 608 standard
2.1 Nzvimbo yakajairika uye chiyero chekushandiswa
API 608 "Mavharuvhu esimbi ane magumo eflange, magumo eshinda uye magumo ewelding" inogadzirisa zvinodiwa zvehunyanzvi zvemaitiro ese kubva pakugadzira kusvika pakugadzira mavharuvhu ebhora, zvichifukidza saizi yeDN8~DN600 (NPS 1/4~24), uye nhanho yekumanikidza ASME CL150 kusvika 2500LB.
2.2 Zvinodiwa pakugadzira zvinhu zvikuru
- Chimiro chemuviri wevharuvhu: zvirevo zvemaitiro ekukanda chimwe chete/kupatsanurwa
- Sisitimu yekuvhara: zvinodiwa zvebasa rekuvhara kaviri uye kubuda ropa (DBB)
- Torque yekushanda: simba rekushanda rakakwirira haripfuure 360N·m
2.3 Zvinhu zvakakosha zvebvunzo
- Kuedza simba reganda: kumanikidzwa kwakapetwa ka1.5 kwemaminitsi matatu
- Kuedza kwekuvhara: 1.1 nguva yakayerwa kumanikidzwa kwemativi maviri bvunzo
- Hupenyu hwebhasikoro: zvingangoita 3,000 vimbiso yekushanda kwekuvhura nekuvhara
Chitsauko 3: Misiyano mishanu mikuru pakati peAPI 607 neAPI 608
| Zviyero zvekuenzanisa | API 607 | API 608 |
| Nzvimbo yakajairika | Chitupa chekushanda kwemoto | Dhizaini yechigadzirwa uye zvirevo zvekugadzira |
| Danho rinoshanda | Danho rekusimbiswa kwechigadzirwa | Maitiro ese ekugadzira uye kugadzira |
| Nzira yekuedza | Kufungidzira moto unoparadza | Kumanikidzwa/bvunzo yekushanda kwemuviri |
Chitsauko 4: Sarudzo yekusarudza mainjiniya
4.1 Musanganiswa unosungirwa wenzvimbo dzine njodzi huru
Kune mapuratifomu ari kunze kwenyika, maLNG terminals nedzimwe nzvimbo, zvinokurudzirwa kusarudza:
Vharuvhu yebhora yeAPI 608 + chitupa chekudzivirira moto cheAPI 607 + chitupa chekuchengetedza cheSIL
4.2 Mhinduro yekugadzirisa mutengo
Pamamiriro ekushanda echinyakare, unogona kusarudza:
Vharuvhu yakajairika yeAPI 608 + dziviriro yemoto yemunharaunda (senge chifukidziro chisingatsvi)
4.3 Yambiro pamusoro pekusanzwisisana kunowanzoitika pakusarudza
- Vanotenda zvisirizvo kuti API 608 inosanganisira zvinodiwa zvekudzivirira moto
- Kuenzanisa bvunzo dzeAPI 607 nemiedzo yekusimbisa yakajairika
- Kuregeredza kuongororwa kwezvitupa zvefekitori (zvinodiwa neAPI Q1 system)
Chitsauko 5: Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa (Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa)
Mubvunzo 1: Ko vharuvhu yeAPI 608 inosangana nezvinodiwa zveAPI 607 otomatiki here?
A: Hazvisi zvechokwadi zvachose. Kunyangwe mavharuvhu ebhora eAPI 608 achigona kushanda pakubvumidzwa kweAPI 607 , anofanira kuongororwa ega.
Mubvunzo wechipiri: Vharuvhu inogona kuramba ichishandiswa here mushure mekuyedzwa kwemoto?
A: Hazvikurudzirwi. Mavharuvhu mushure mekuyedzwa anowanzo kuva nekukuvara kwechimiro uye anofanira kuraswa.
Mubvunzo wechitatu: Ko mitemo miviri iyi inokanganisa sei mutengo wemavharuvhu?
A: Kubvumidzwa kweAPI 607 kunowedzera mutengo ne30-50%, uye kutevedzera API 608 kunokanganisa angangoita 15-20%.
Mhedziso:
• API 607 yakakosha pakuedza moto kwemavharuvhu eshavishavi ane nzvimbo yakapfava uye mavharuvhu ebhora.
• API 608 inovimbisa kuti mavharuvhu esimbi-seat uye bhora-soft-seat anoshandiswa mumaindasitiri anoenderana nemagadzirirwo uye mashandiro azvo.
• Kana kuchengetedzeka pamoto kuri iko kunonyanya kufungwa nezvako, mavharuvhu anotevedzera zvinodiwa zveAPI 607 anodiwa.
• Pakushandisa mavharuvhu ebhora ane simba rakawanda uye ane simba rakawanda, API 608 ndiyo chiyero chakakodzera.