Mavharuvhu eshavishavi nemavharuvhu egedhi imhando mbiri dzemavharuvhu anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri nemaguta ekuchengetedza mvura. Ane musiyano uri pachena muchimiro, mashandiro uye mashandisirwo. Chinyorwa chino chichakurukura musiyano uripo pakati pemavharuvhu eshavishavi nemavharuvhu egedhi zvakadzama kubva pazvinhu zvemisimboti, maumbirwo, mutengo, kugara kwenguva refu, mitemo yekuyerera kwemvura, kuiswa uye kugadziriswa.
1. Nheyo
Nheyo yeVharuvhuti yeBhatafurayi
Chinhu chikuru chevharuvhu yeshavishaviChimiro chayo chiri nyore uye dhizaini yacho diki. Musimboti wayo wekushanda ndewekuti ndiro yeshavishavi yakatenderera inotenderera tsinde yevharuvhu sechikamu chepakati chekudzora kuyerera kwemvura. Bhodhi yevharuvhu yakaita senzvimbo yekutarisa, uye chete kana bhodhi yeshavishavi inogona kupfuura. Kana bhodhi yeshavishavi yakatarisana negwara rekuyerera kwemvura, vharuvhu inovhurwa zvizere; kana bhodhi yeshavishavi yakatarisana negwara rekuyerera kwemvura, vharuvhu inovharwa zvizere. Nguva yekuvhura nekuvhara yevharuvhu yeshavishavi ipfupi kwazvo, nekuti inoda madhigirii makumi mapfumbamwe ekutenderera kuti ipedzise kuvhura kana kuvhara kwakazara. Ichi ndicho chikonzero nei iri vharuvhu inotenderera uye vharuvhu inotenderera nekota.
Nheyo yeVharuvhu yeGedhi
Purati yevharuvhu yevharuvhu yegedhiinofamba ichikwira nekudzika yakatwasuka ichienda kumuviri wevharuvhu. Kana gedhi rasimudzwa zvizere, gomba remukati memuviri wevharuvhu rinovhurwa zvizere uye mvura inogona kupfuura isina kuvharwa; kana gedhi radzikiswa zvizere, mvura inovharwa zvachose. Dhizaini yevharuvhu yegedhi inoita kuti isanyanya kudzika kana yakavhurwa zvizere, saka yakakodzera kushandiswa kunoda kuvhurwa zvizere kana kuvharwa zvizere. Zvinofanira kusimbiswa pano kuti vharuvhu yegedhi yakakodzera kuvhurwa zvizere nekuvharwa zvizere! Zvisinei, vharuvhu yegedhi ine kumhanya kunononoka kwekupindura, kureva kuti, nguva yekuvhura nekuvharwa yakareba, nekuti zvinotora kutenderera kakawanda kutenderedza giya reruoko kana kuti gonye kuti rivhurwe zvizere nekuvharwa zvizere.
2. Kuumbwa
Kuumbwa kwevharuvhu reshavishavi
Sezvambotaurwa pamusoro apa, chimiro chevharuvhu reshavishavi chakareruka, kusanganisira zvinhu zvikuru zvakaita semuviri wevharuvhu, ndiro yevharuvhu, mubato wevharuvhu, chigaro chevharuvhu uye drive. Sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pazasi.
Muviri wevharuvhu:
Muviri wevharuvhu reshavishavi wakatenderera uye une mugero wakamira mukati. Muviri wevharuvhu unogona kugadzirwa nezvinhu zvakasiyana, zvakaita sesimbi yakakandwa, simbi yakapfava, simbi isingatsvedzeri, simbi yakakangwa, simbi yealuminium bronze, nezvimwewo. Ehe, sarudzo yezvinhu zvinoenderana nenzvimbo yekushandiswa kwevharuvhu reshavishavi uye mhando yechinhu chacho.
Ndiro yevharuvhu:
Purati yevharuvhu ndiyo chikamu chekuvhura nekuvhara chakaita sedhisiki chataurwa pamusoro apa, chakafanana nedhisiki muchimiro. Zvinhu zviri mupurati yevharuvhu zvinowanzofanana nemuviri wevharuvhu, kana kuti zvakakwirira kupfuura muviri wevharuvhu, nekuti vharuvhu yebharuvhu inosangana zvakananga nechinhu chiri pakati, kusiyana nevharuvhu yebharuvhu yepakati apo muviri wevharuvhu unoparadzaniswa zvakananga nechinhu chiri pakati nechigaro chevharuvhu. Zvimwe zvinhu zvakakosha zvinoda kuvandudza kuramba kwekupfekwa, kuramba ngura, uye kuramba kupisa kwakanyanya.
Hunde yevharuvhu:
Chigadziko chevharuvhu chinobatanidza ndiro yevharuvhu nedhiraivha, uye ndicho chinoita kuti torque itenderere ndiro yevharuvhu. Chigadziko chevharuvhu chinowanzogadzirwa nesimbi isina ngura 420 kana zvimwe zvinhu zvine simba guru kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti yakasimba uye inogara kwenguva refu.
Chigaro chevharuvhu:
Chigaro chevharuvhu chakaiswa mukati memukati memuviri wevharuvhu uye chinobata ndiro yevharuvhu kuti chigadzire chisimbiso kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti medium haidonhe kana vharuvhu yavharwa. Kune mhando mbiri dzekuvhara: chisimbiso chakapfava nechisimbiso chakaoma. Chisimbiso chakapfava chine mashandiro ari nani ekuvhara. Zvinhu zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya zvinosanganisira rabha, PTFE, nezvimwewo, izvo zvinowanzo shandiswa mumavharuvhu ebhururu epakati. Zvisimbiso zvakasimba zvakakodzera munzvimbo dzinopisa zvakanyanya uye dzinodzvinyirira zvakanyanya. Zvinhu zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya zvinosanganisira SS304+Flexible Graphite, nezvimwewo, izvo zvinowanikwa mumavharuvhu eshavishavi ane eccentric matatu.
Mushandi wekugadzirisa:
Chishandiso ichi chinoshandiswa kufambisa tsinde yevharuvhu kuti itenderere. Mafomu anowanzo shandiswa ndeemaoko, emagetsi, emhepo kana ehydraulic. Mashandiro emagetsi anowanzo shandiswa nemahandle kana magiya, nepo mashandisiro emagetsi, emhepo uye ehydraulic anogona kuita remote control uye otomatiki.
Kuumbwa kwemavharuvhu egedhi
Chimiro chevharuvhu regedhi chakaoma kunzwisisa. Pamusoro pemuviri wevharuvhu, ndiro yevharuvhu, mubato wevharuvhu, chigaro chevharuvhu uye drive, kunewo kurongedza, chifukidziro chevharuvhu, nezvimwewo (ona mufananidzo uri pazasi)
Muviri wevharuvhu:
Muviri wevharuvhu yegedhi unowanzo kuve wakaita sebhare kana kuti wakaita sewedhi, une nzira yakatwasuka mukati. Zvinhu zvemuviri wevharuvhu zvinonyanya kuve simbi yakaumbwa, simbi yakaumbwa, simbi isingatsvi, brass, nezvimwewo. Saizvozvowo, zvinhu zvakakodzera zvinofanira kusarudzwa zvichienderana nemamiriro ekushandiswa.
Chifukidziro chevharuvhu:
Chifukidziro chevharuvhu chakabatana nemuviri wevharuvhu kuti chigadzire gomba revharuvhu rakavharwa. Kazhinji pane bhokisi rekuisa zvinhu pamusoro pevharuvhu rekuisa nekusunga tsinde revharuvhu.
Chigaro chegedhi + vharuvhu:
Gedhi ndiro chikamu chekuvhura nekuvhara chevharuvhu yegedhi, kazhinji chakaita sewedge. Gedhi rinogona kuva gedhi rimwe chete kana chimiro chegedhi rakapetwa kaviri. Vharuvhu yegedhi yatinowanzo shandisa igedhi rimwe chete. Chigadzirwa chegedhi chevharuvhu yegedhi re elastic GGG50 chakafukidzwa nerabha, uye gedhi revharuvhu yegedhi re hard seal ndiro chinhu chemuviri + brass kana simbi isina ngura.
Hunde yevharuvhu:
Chigadziko chevharuvhu chinobatanidza gedhi neactuator, uye chinofambisa gedhi kumusoro nekudzika kuburikidza nekutumira kwetambo. Chigadziko chevharuvhu chinowanzova zvinhu zvine simba guru zvakaita sesimbi isina ngura kana simbi yekabhoni. Zvichienderana nekufamba kwechikamu chevharuvhu, mavharuvhu egedhi anogona kukamurwa kuita mavharuvhu egedhi anokwira uye mavharuvhu egedhi anokwira. Chigadziko chevharuvhu chegedhi rinokwira chiri kunze kwemuviri wevharuvhu, uye mamiriro akavhurika uye akavharwa anoonekwa zvakajeka; tambo yegedhi inokwira yegedhi isina kukwirira iri mukati memuviri wevharuvhu, chimiro chacho chakati diki, uye nzvimbo yekuisa idiki pane yevharuvhu yegedhi inokwira.
Kurongedza:
Kurongedza kuri mubhokisi rekuputira revharuvhu, iro rinoshandiswa kuvhara mukaha uri pakati pehunde yevharuvhu nechivharo chevharuvhu kudzivirira kubuda kwemvura pakati nepakati. Zvinhu zvakajairika zvekurongedza zvinosanganisira graphite, PTFE, asbestos, nezvimwewo. Kurongedza kunodzvanywa negland kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti kuvharwa kwacho kunoshanda.
Mushandi wekugadzirisa:
• Chishandiso cheruoko ndicho chinoshandiswa nemaoko, chinofambisa tambo yevharuvhu nekutenderedza chishandiso cheruoko kuti chifambise gedhi kumusoro nekudzika. Kune mavharuvhu egedhi ane dhayamita hombe kana ane kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya, mavharuvhu emagetsi, epneumatic kana hydraulic anowanzo shandiswa kuderedza simba rekushanda uye kukurumidzisa kumhanya kwekuvhura nekuvhara. Ehe, iyi ndeimwe nyaya. Kana uchifarira, ndapota tarisa chinyorwaMangani Matendeuko Ekuvhara Vharuvhu YeshavishaviZvinotora Nguva Yakadini?
3. Mutengo
Mutengo weVharuvhuti yeButterfly
Mavharuvhu eshavishavi anowanzo dhura pane mavharuvhu egedhi. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti mavharuvhu eshavishavi ane hurefu hupfupi hwechivakwa, haadi zvinhu zvakawanda, uye ane maitiro ekugadzira ari nyore. Pamusoro pezvo, mavharuvhu eshavishavi akareruka, izvo zvinoderedzawo mutengo wekufambisa nekuisa. Kudhura kwemavharuvhu eshavishavi kunonyanya kuoneka mumapaipi makuru.
Mutengo weVharuvhu yeGedhi
Mutengo wekugadzira mavharuvhu egedhi unowanzo kuve wakakwira, kunyanya kana paine dhayamita hombe kana kuti kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya. Maumbirwo emavharuvhu egedhi akaoma, uye kunyatsogadzira maplate egedhi nezvigaro zvevharuvhu kwakakwira, izvo zvinoda maitiro akawanda nenguva panguva yekugadzira. Pamusoro pezvo, mavharuvhu egedhi anorema, izvo zvinowedzera mutengo wekutakura nekuisa.
Sezvatinoona kubva pamufananidzo uri pamusoro apa, kune DN100 imwe chete, vharuvhu yegedhi yakakura kupfuura vharuvhu yeshavishavi.
4. Kugara kwenguva refu
Kugara kwenguva refu kweVhubhurawuti
Kugara kwenguva refu kwemavharuvhu eshavishavi kunoenderana nechigaro chevharuvhu rayo uye zvinhu zvemuviri wevharuvhu. Kunyanya, zvinhu zvinovhara mavharuvhu eshavishavi akavharwa zvakapfava zvinowanzogadzirwa nerabha, PTFE kana zvimwe zvinhu zvinochinjika, izvo zvinogona kupera kana kukwegura panguva yekushandiswa kwenguva refu. Ehe, zvinhu zvinovhara mavharuvhu eshavishavi akavharwa zvakapfava zvakagadzirwa nezvinhu zvakagadzirwa nesimbi, saka kugara kwenguva refu kwakagadziridzwa zvakanyanya.
Kazhinji, mavharuvhu eshavishavi anogara kwenguva refu muhurongwa hwemhepo ine kumanikidzwa kwakaderera uye kwepakati, asi kushanda kwekuvhara kunogona kuderedzwa munzvimbo dzine kumanikidzwa kwakakwira uye tembiricha yakakwira.
Zvakakoshawo kutaura kuti mavharuvhu eshavishavi anogona kuparadzanisa nzvimbo yacho nekuputira muviri wevharuvhu nechigaro chevharuvhu kudzivirira muviri wevharuvhu kuti usasvibiswe. Panguva imwe chete, ndiro yevharuvhu inogona kuputirwa zvizere nerabha uye yakazara nefluorine, izvo zvinovandudza zvakanyanya kugara kwayo kwenguva refu kuti isasvibiswe.
Kugara kwenguva refu kwemavharuvhu egedhi
Dhizaini yechisimbiso chechigaro chinopfava chemavharuvhu egedhi inosangana nedambudziko rakafanana neremavharuvhu eshavishavi, kureva kuti, kupera nekukwegura panguva yekushandiswa. Zvisinei, mavharuvhu egedhi akavharwa zvakasimba anoshanda zvakanaka munzvimbo dzine kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya uye tembiricha yakakwira. Nekuti pamusoro pechisimbiso chevharuvhu regedhi kubva kusimbi kuenda kusimbi hahuna kupfekwa zvakanyanya uye hahuna kupfekwa zvakanyanya, hupenyu hwaro hwekushanda hunowanzo kureba.
Zvisinei, gedhi revharuvhu regedhi rinonamirwa nyore nyore netsvina iri muchinhu ichi, izvo zvinogona kukanganisawo kugara kwaro kwenguva refu.
Pamusoro pezvo, chitarisiko chayo nemagadzirirwo ayo zvinoratidza kuti zvakaoma kugadzira jira rakazara, saka kune chinhu chimwe chete chinoparadza, chingave chakagadzirwa nesimbi yese kana jira rakazara, mutengo wayo wakakwira zvikuru kupfuura wevharuvhu yegedhi.
5. Kudzora kuyerera kwemvura
Kudzora kuyerera kwevharuvhu reshavishavi
Vharuvhu remashavishavi rine mitsetse mitatu rinogona kugadzirisa kuyerera kwemvura panzvimbo dzakasiyana, asi kuyerera kwaro kwakafanana nekwemutsetse, kunyanya kana vharuvhu rava pedyo nekuvhurwa zvizere, kuyerera kwaro kunochinja zvakanyanya. Nokudaro, vharuvhu remashavishavi rakangokodzera nzvimbo dzine zvinodiwa zvishoma zvekugadzirisa, zvikasadaro, vharuvhu rebhora rinogona kusarudzwa.
Kudzora kuyerera kwevharuvhu yegedhi
Vharuvhu yegedhi yakagadzirwa kuti ive yakakodzera kuvhura zvizere kana kuvhara zvizere, asi kwete kudzora kuyerera kwemvura. Kana yakavhurika zvishoma, gedhi rinokonzera kutenderera uye kudedera kwemvura, izvo zviri nyore kukuvadza chigaro chevharuvhu negedhi.
6. Kuiswa
Kuiswa kwevharuvhu yemapuruguru
Kuisa vharuvhu remapuruguru kuri nyore. Rinorema zvishoma, saka haridi rutsigiro rwakawanda panguva yekuriisa; rine chimiro chidiki, saka rakakodzera zvikuru panguva dzine nzvimbo shoma.
Vharuvhu yemapuruguru inogona kuiswa pamapaipi chero kupi (yakatambanuka kana yakatwasuka), uye hapana chinodiwa chakasimba chegwara rekuyerera kwemvura mupaipi. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kana paine kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya kana dhayamita hombe, plate yemapuruguru inofanira kunge yakavhurika zvakakwana panguva yekuisa kuti isakuvadzwe nechisimbiso.
Kuiswa kwemavharuvhu egedhi
Kuiswa kwemavharuvhu egedhi kwakaoma zvikuru, kunyanya mavharuvhu egedhi ane dhayamita hombe uye akavharwa zvakasimba. Nekuda kwehuremu hwakawanda hwemavharuvhu egedhi, rutsigiro rwakawedzerwa uye matanho ekugadzirisa anodiwa panguva yekuisa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti vharuvhu yakagadzikana uye kuchengetedzeka kwemugadziri.
Mavharuvhu egedhi anowanzoiswa pamapombi akatambanuka, uye nzira yekuyerera kwemvura inofanira kutariswa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti yaiswa nemazvo. Pamusoro pezvo, kuvhura nekuvharwa kwemavharuvhu egedhi kwakareba, kunyanya kumavharuvhu egedhi anokwira, uye nzvimbo yakakwana inofanira kuchengetwa kuti ishandise vhiri reruoko.
7. Kugadzirisa nekugadzirisa
Kugadziriswa kwemavharuvhu emashavishavi
Mavharuvhu eshavishavi ane zvikamu zvishoma uye zviri nyore kupatsanura nekubatanidza, saka zviri nyore kuchengetedza. Mukugadzirisa kwezuva nezuva, kukwegura uye kupera kwevharuvhu nechigaro chevharuvhu zvinonyanya kuongororwa. Kana rin'i yekuvhara ikaonekwa kuti yakasakara zvakanyanya, inofanira kutsiviwa nenguva. Saka, tinokurudzira kuti vatengi vatenge mavharuvhu eshavishavi anotsiviwa. Kana kutsetseka kwepamusoro uye kupera kwevharuvhu kwakaoma kuwana mugumisiro wakanaka wekuvhara, inofanirawo kutsiviwa.
Pamusoro pezvo, kune mafuta anoiswa pamudzi wevharuvhu. Mafuta anoiswa zvakanaka anobatsira kuti vharuvhu rebhatafura rishande zvakanaka uye kwenguva refu.
Kugadziriswa kwemavharuvhu egedhi
Mavharuvhu egedhi ane zvikamu zvakawanda uye zvakaoma kupatsanura nekubatanidza, kunyanya mumasisitimu makuru emapaipi, uko basa rekugadzirisa rakakura. Panguva yekugadzirisa, kutarisisa kwakakosha kunofanirwa kupihwa kana gedhi rakasimudzwa uye rakadzikiswa zvakanaka uye kana paine zvinhu zvisiri zvekunze mumugero wemuviri wevharuvhu.
Kana nzvimbo yekubata chigaro chevharuvhu negedhi zvakakwenywa kana kusakara, zvinoda kukweshwa kana kutsiviwa. Ehe, kunyoroveswa kwesimbi yevharuvhu kunokoshawo.
Kutarisirwa kukuru kunofanira kupihwa pakugadziriswa kwekurongedza kupfuura vharuvhu yemapuruguru. Kusungirirwa kwevharuvhu yegedhi kunoshandiswa kuvhara mukaha uri pakati pehunde yevharuvhu nemuviri wevharuvhu kudzivirira kuti chinhu chisabude. Kukwegura uye kupera kwepakeji matambudziko anowanzoitika emavharuvhu egedhi. Panguva yekugadzirisa, zvinodikanwa kugara uchitarisa kuomarara kwepakeji uye kuigadzirisa kana kuitsiva kana zvichidikanwa.
8. Mhedziso
Muchidimbu, mavharuvhu eshavishavi nemavharuvhu egedhi ane zvakanakira nezvaasina paari maererano nekushanda, mutengo, kugara kwenguva refu, mutemo wekuyerera kwemvura uye kuiswa kwayo:
1. Musimboti: Mavharuvhu eshavishavi ane kumhanya kwekuvhura nekuvharisa nekukurumidza uye akakodzera nguva yekuvhura nekuvharisa nekukurumidza; mavharuvhu egedhi ane nguva refu yekuvhura nekuvharisa.
2. Kuumbwa: Mavharuvhu eshavishavi ane chimiro chakareruka uye mavharuvhu egedhi ane chimiro chakaoma kunzwisisa.
3. Mutengo: Mavharuvhu eshavishavi ane mutengo wakaderera, kunyanya pakushandiswa kwedhayamita hombe; mavharuvhu egedhi ane mutengo wakakwira, kunyanya pazvinodiwa nepressure yakakwira kana zvinhu zvakakosha.
4. Kugara kwenguva refu: Mavharuvhu eshavishavi anogara kwenguva refu muhurongwa hwemhepo ine simba shoma uye ine simba repakati nepakati; mavharuvhu egedhi anoshanda zvakanaka munzvimbo dzine simba guru uye tembiricha yepamusoro, asi kuvhurwa nekuvharwa nguva nenguva kunogona kukanganisa hupenyu hwawo.
5. Kudzora kuyerera kwemvura: Mavharuvhu eshavishavi akakodzera kudzora kuyerera kwemvura zvisina kunaka; mavharuvhu egedhi anonyanya kukodzera kushanda kwakazara kana kwakavharwa.
6. Kuisa: Mavharuvhu eshavishavi ari nyore kuisa uye anoshanda kumapaipi akatwasuka uye akatwasuka; mavharuvhu egedhi akaoma kuisa uye akakodzera kuiswa kwemapaipi akatwasuka.
7. Kugadzirisa: Kugadzirisa mavharuvhu eshavishavi kunotarisa pakusakara nekukwegura kweplate yevharuvhu nechigaro chevharuvhu, uye kunyoroveswa kwesimbi yevharuvhu. Pamusoro peizvi, vharuvhu yegedhi inofanirawo kuchengetedza kurongedza.
Mukushandiswa kwaro, kusarudzwa kwemavharuvhu eshavishavi kana mavharuvhu egedhi kunofanirwa kutariswa zvizere zvichienderana nemamiriro chaiwo ekushanda uye zvinodiwa kuti kuve nechokwadi chekuti mashandiro akanaka uye anochengetedza mari.