1. Nhanganyayakumavharuvhu eButterfly
1.1. Tsananguro uye Mabasa Ekutanga
A vharuvhu yeshavishavimudziyo unodzora kuyerera kwemvura mupombi. Unodzorwa nekutenderedza dhisiki kota yekutenderera. Kazhinji unoshandiswa mumashandisirwo anoitwa painovhara nekukurumidza.
1.2. Nhoroondo yemavharuvhu eBhatafurayi
Mavharuvhu emashavishavi anogona kuteverwa kumashure kusvika kumagumo kwezana remakore rechi19. Muenzaniso wevharuvhu yemashavishavi emazuva ano wakatanga pakati pezana remakore rechi20. Mushure memakumi emakore ekuvandudzwa, yave mhinduro inoshanda zvakanyanya yekudzora midziyo yemagetsi mumaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana.
Kuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji kwemavharuvhu eshavishavi hakuna kumira. Mune ramangwana, mavharuvhu eshavishavi achava akareruka uye akapfava. Anogonawo kushandiswa mumamiriro ezvinhu akaipisisa (akadai sekumanikidzwa kwakanyanya uye tembiricha yakaderera). Pamwe anogona kushandiswa mukushandiswa kutsva mumunda wesimba rinogona kuvandudzwa, senge simba rezuva, simba remhepo uye mapurojekiti esimba rehydrogen regirini.
1.3. Kushandiswa kweMavharuvhu eButterfly muMaindasitiri Akasiyana-siyana
1.3.1. Kurapa uye Kugovera Mvura
Munzvimbo dzekuchenesa mvura uye masisitimu ekuparadzira mvura, mavharuvhu emashavishavi haafanirwe kushaikwa. Anodzora uye anoparadzanisa kuyerera kwemvura yekunwa zvinobudirira. Kugona kwawo kudzika kwemhepo shoma uye kuvhara mativi maviri kunobatsira zvikuru pakuona kuti mvura inogara iripo.
1.3.2. Masisitimu eHVAC
Mumasystem ekudziyisa nekutonhodza (HVAC), mavharuvhu emapuruguru anoshandiswa kudzora kufamba kwemvura. Kureruka kwawo kwekushandisa otomatiki kunoita kuti akwanise kudzora masisitimu emvura inotonhora neinodziya.
1.3.3. Zvirimwa zveMakemikoro nePetrokemikari
Mavharuvhu emhando nhatu e "offset" uye "high-performance butterfly valves" anogona kubata makemikari akasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira mvura inoparadza uye inokwesha. Kugona kwawo kushanda pakupisa kwakanyanya uye kumanikidzwa kunoita kuti akwanise kushandiswa senge makemikari ekugadzirisa, kuchengetedza, uye masisitimu ekutumira.
1.3.4. Indasitiri yeOiri neGasi
Indasitiri yemafuta negasi inoshandisa mavharuvhu emabhatafura kuti ishandiswe muzvikamu zvakaita sekupatsanurwa kwemapaipi, kudzorwa kwemvura, uye masisitimu ematangi. Kuenderana kwemavharuvhu emabhatafura nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana kunoita kuti ashande zvakachengeteka muindasitiri yemafuta negasi.
1.3.5. Kugadzirwa Kwechikafu Nechinwiwa
Hutsanana chinhu chinonyanya kukosheswa mukugadzirisa chikafu nezvinwiwa. Mavharuvhu eshavishavi ane magadzirirwo ehutsanana uye nzvimbo dzakaposhwa anogona kushandiswa kuchengetedza kuchena uye kudzivirira kusvibiswa pakubata zvinwiwa zvakaita semajusi, zvigadzirwa zvemukaka, nezvinwiwa. Zvese rabha ine chitupa chewras uye simbi isina tsvina yemhando yefood zvinogona kuzadzisa chiyero ichi.
1.3.6. Zvemugungwa nekuvaka ngarava
Mavharuvhu ebhururu ebhururu ealuminium akagadzirwa kuti ashandiswe mugungwa kudzora masisitimu ekudzivirira kuputika, mvura inotonhodza, uye mitsetse yemafuta. Zvinhu zvemavharuvhu ebhururu zvinodzivirira ngura zvinoita kuti zvive zvakanaka kushandiswa munzvimbo dzakaoma dzegungwa.
1.3.7. Mafekitori emagetsi
Mumafekitori emagetsi, mavharuvhu emapuruguru anoshandiswa mumasisitimu ekutonhodza, mitsetse yemhepo, uye masisitimu ekubvisa sulfurization yegesi inoyerera. Anokwanisa kubata pressure yakakwira uye mvura inodziya zvakanyanya.
1.3.8. Nzvimbo dzekuchenesa mvura yakasviba
Mavharuvhu emashavishavi akakosha pakugadzirisa tsvina, mhepo inoyerera, uye kuyerera kwemvura munzvimbo dzekuchenesa mvura yakasviba.
1.3.9. Indasitiri yePulp nePepa
Indasitiri ye pulp nepepa inobatsirwa nemavharuvhu emabhatafura mukuita kwakadai sekubika pulp, kuchena, uye kudzoreredza makemikari. Kusakwanisa kwavo pulp nemakemikari abrasive kunowedzera kushanda zvakanaka uye hupenyu hwebasa.
2. Kuvakwa kweVharuvhuti yeBhatafurayi
2.1. Zvikamu zveVharuvhuti yeBhatafurayi
Zvikamu zvikuru zvinosanganisira:
Muviri wevharuvhu: Imba inochengetedza zvimwe zvikamu zvemukati.
Dhisiki yevharuvhu: Inovhura uye inovhara nekutenderera madhigirii makumi mapfumbamwe.
Dumbu: Rinobatanidza dhisiki neactuator.
Chigaro: Chinopa chisimbiso chekudzivirira kubuda kwemvura.
2.2. Mhando dzemavharuvhu emashavishavi zvichibva pachimiro
Rudzi rwewafer: Yakaiswa pakati pemaflange epombi uye yakasungirirwa nemabhoti.
Rudzi rweLug: Inoshandisa zvinhu zvakaiswa shinda pakuisa.
Rudzi rweFlange: Ine maflange maviri uye yakaiswa pamwe chete nepombi.
2.3. Zvinhu zvemavharuvhu emashavishavi
Muviri: Simbi yakakandwa, simbi isina ngura kana simbi yekabhoni.
Disiki: Ductile iron (yakafukidzwa nenickel, nayiloni, PTFE, uye EPDM, nezvimwewo), WCB, simbi isingasvibi, bhuronzi.
Chigaro: Rabha, Teflon kana simbi.
3. Nheyo yekushanda kwevharuvhu yeshavishavi
3.1. Kushanda kwevharuvhu yemashavishavi
Vharuvhu yemashavishavi inoshanda nekutenderedza dhisiki rakaiswa padanda repakati. Nzvimbo yedhisiki ndiyo inosarudza kurongeka kwekuyerera kwemvura.
3.2. Mhando dzenzira dzekutyaira mavharuvhu emashavibhuru
Nemaoko: Inoshandiswa nemubato uye nemidziyo yehonye.
Pneumatic: Inoshandisa mhepo yakamanikidzwa.
Magetsi: Inodzorwa nemota yemagetsi.
Hydraulic: Inotungamirirwa nekumanikidzwa kwemvura (isingawanzo shandiswa).
3.3. Zvakanakira uye zvisingakwanisike zvemavharuvhu eshavishavi
Zvakanakira: dhizaini diki (kureba kwechimiro kupfupi), mutengo wakaderera (zvinhu zvishoma), kushanda nekukurumidza (kutenderera kwemadhigirii 90).
Zvipingamupinyi: Mavharuvhu emashavishavi haagone kushandiswa kucheka zvidimbu zvekuomarara zvakanyanya, mvura inonamira uye tsvina ine fibrous.
3.4. Mhando dzemavharuvhu emashavishavi
3.4.1 Vharuvhu yeshavishavi inogara yakasimba
Zvakanakira: Chigaro chevharuvhu chinowanzo gadzirwa nezvinhu zvinonamira zvakaita serabha nePTFE, uye chisimbiso chacho chakasimba.
Mashandisirwo: kumanikidzwa kwakaderera uye kushandiswa kwekupisa kwakaderera.
3.4.2.Vharuvhu yeshavishavi inoshanda zvakanyanya (vharuvhu yeshavishavi inodzimwa kaviri)
Zvimiro: Dhizaini yekubvisa kaviri, inogara kwenguva refu.
Mashandisirwo: masisitimu ekumanikidzwa kwepasi nepakati.
3.4.3. Vharuvhu yeshavishavi ine katatu inodzikiswa
Zvimiro: Chisimbiso chechigaro chesimbi chisina kukweshana.
Mashandisirwo: tembiricha yakanyanya uye kumanikidzwa.
4. Kuisa nekugadzirisa mavharuvhu emashavishavi
4.1 Nzira chaiyo yekuisa mavharuvhu emashavibhuru
Vhuravharuvhu yeshavishavindiro pakona ye 0-90 degrees.
Iva nechokwadi chekuti wachengeta nzvimbo yakakwana kubva kune zvimwe zvikamu.
Iva nechokwadi chekuti vharuvhu haribate flange yepombi.
Simbisa kurongeka uye kubviswa kwekutenderera kwediski.
4.2. Kugadziriswa kwemavharuvhu eshavishavi zuva nezuva
Tarisa kana yasakara wobva waichinja kana zvichidikanwa.
Isa mafuta pazvikamu zvinofamba kana zvichidikanwa.
4.3. Matambudziko akajairika ekugadzirisa matambudziko nemhinduro
Kudonha kwemvura: Tarisa kuti chigaro chakamira sei.
Yakanamira: Chenesa marara enzvimbo yezvigaro uye iva nechokwadi chekuti mafuta akakodzera.
5. Kuenzanisa nedzimwe mhando dzevharuvhu
5.1 Vharuvhu yeshavishavi vs. vharuvhu yebhora
Vharuvhu yeshavishavi: Yakareruka uye diki.
Vharuvhu yebhora: Yakakodzera zvikuru kuti ibude zvakanaka, inogona kushandiswa semvura inonamira uye ine fibrous.
5.2. Vharuvhu yemashavishavi vs. vharuvhu yegedhi
Vharuvhu yeshavishavi: Kushanda nekukurumidza.
Vharuvhu yegedhi: Yakakodzera kuvhura nekuvhara zvizere.