Muchikamu chekudzora mvura mumaindasitiri,mavharuvhu eshavishaviVaravha yeshavishavi ine flange ndeimwe yemhando yekubatanidza, ine maflange akabatana kumativi ese emuviri wevharuvhu, zvichibvumira kubatana kwakasimba nema flange epaipi.
Maitiro ekutenderera kwekota-kutendeuka kwevharuvhu yeshavishavi yakapinzaInosiyanisa nemavharuvhu akatsetseka akadai semavharuvhu egedhi kana eglobe, zvichipa mabhenefiti ekumhanya uye kushanda zvakanaka kwenzvimbo.
Chinyorwa chino chichanyatsoongorora zvakadzama nezvemavharuvhu eshavishavi ane flange, chichitaura nezvemagadzirirwo awo, mhando dzawo, zvinhu zvawo, mashandisirwo awo, zvakanakira nezvakaipira, kuiswa kwawo, kugadziriswa kwawo, kuenzanisa nemamwe mavharuvhu, uye mafambiro azvo mune ramangwana.
1. Tsananguro uye Nheyo yeKushanda
Vharuvhu yeshavishavi ine flange ivharuvhu yekufamba inotenderera ine madhigirii makumi mapfumbamwe ine dhisiki inodzora kufamba kwemvura kuburikidza nekutenderera kwetsinga. Muviri wevharuvhu une maflange kumativi ese maviri ekubatanidza zvakananga nebhaudhi kuenda kupombi. Mavharuvhu eshavishavi ane maflange akasimudzwa kana kuti akatsetseka ane maburi emabhaudhi, zvichipa kubatana kwakasimba uye kwakasimba kwakakodzera kushandiswa kwesimba rakaderera, repakati, uye rakakwirira, pamwe nedhayamita diki, repakati, uye rakakura.
Nheyo yekushanda kwayo iri nyore uye inoshanda. Vharuvhu ine muviri wevharuvhu, dhisiki revharuvhu, tsinde revharuvhu, chigaro chevharuvhu, uye actuator. Kana mubato kana giya zvichishandiswa, kana tsinde revharuvhu richitenderedzwa neactuator otomatiki, dhisiki revharuvhu rinotenderera kubva panzvimbo yakatarisana nenzira yekuyerera (yakavhurika zvizere) kuenda panzvimbo yakatwasuka (yakavharwa zvizere). Panzvimbo yakavhurika, dhisiki revharuvhu rinoenderana ne axis yepipeline, zvichideredza kuramba kwekuyerera uye kurasikirwa nekumanikidzwa. Kana yakavharwa, dhisiki revharuvhu rinovhara chigaro chiri mukati memuviri wevharuvhu.
Iyi nzira inobvumira kushanda kwemavharuvhu nekukurumidza, kazhinji inoda kutenderera kwemadhigirii makumi mapfumbamwe chete, zvichiita kuti ikurumidze kupfuura mavharuvhu anotenderera akawanda. Mavharuvhu eshavishavi ane flanged anogona kubata kuyerera kwemativi maviri uye anowanzo kuve nechigaro chakasimba kana chesimbi kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti haadzimike. Magadzirirwo awo anoita kuti anyatsokodzera masisitimu anoda kuchinjana kakawanda kana kuti nzvimbo shoma.
2. Zvikamu
Zvikamu zvikuru zvinosanganisira:
- Muviri weVharuvhu: Dzimba rekunze, rinowanzova rakagadzirwa nezvidimbu zviviri, rinopa kubatana kwechivakwa uye rinochengetedza zvikamu zvemukati. Simbi yekabhoni inoshandiswa kushandiswa kwakajairika, simbi isingasvibiki kudzivirira ngura, bronze ye nickel-aluminium inoshandiswa munzvimbo dzegungwa, uye simbi ye alloy inoshandiswa mumamiriro ezvinhu akaipisisa.
- Dhisiki yeVharuvhu:Chinhu chinotenderera, chinowanikwa muchimiro chakapfava kana kuti chakatsetseka, chinodzora kufamba kwedhisiki. Dhisiki inogona kuiswa pakati kana kuti kuderedzwa kuti iwedzere kushanda zvakanaka. Simbi isina ngura, bhuronzi realuminium, kana kuti yakafukidzwa nenylon kuti irambe yakasimba.
- Hunde: Mugodhi unobatanidza dhisiki revharuvhu kune actuator unotumira simba rekutenderera. Simbi isina ngura kana alloys dzine simba guru dzinotsungirira torque.
Madzinde anoshandiswa nepakati pemugodhi kana maviri ndiwo anowanzo shandiswa, aine zvisimbiso zvekudzivirira kubuda kwemvura.
- Chigaro: Nzvimbo yekuvharira yakagadzirwa nezvinhu zvinonamira zvakaita seEPDM kana PTFE. EPDM (-20)°F kusvika 250°F), BUNA-N (0°F kusvika 200°F), Viton (-10)°F kusvika 400°F), kana PTFE (-100)°F kusvika 450°F) inoshandiswa pakuisa zvisimbiso zvakapfava; zvinhu zvesimbi zvakaita sesimbi isingatsvi kana Inconel zvinoshandiswa pakuisa zvisimbiso zvakasimba zvinopisa zvakanyanya.
- Muchina wekugadzirisa: Inoshandiswa nemaoko (mubato, giya) kana kuti inofambiswa nemagetsi (pneumatic, electric).
- Kurongedza uye magasket: Iva nechokwadi chekuti mavharidziro anodzivirira kudonha kwemvura ari pakati pezvikamu uye pakubatanidza flange.
Zvinhu izvi zvinoshanda pamwe chete kuti zvipe kudzora kwemvura kwakavimbika.
3. Mhando dzeFlanged Butterfly Valve
Mavharuvhu eshavishavi ane flanged anogona kurongwa seizvi zvichienderana nekurongeka kwemadiski, nzira yekushanda, uye rudzi rwemuviri.
3.1 Kurongeka
- Yakakombama (zero offset): Chidimbu chevharuvhu chinotambanuka nepakati pedhisiki uye chine chigaro chinogara kwenguva refu. Vharuvhu iyi yakakodzera kushandiswa nemhepo yakaderera ine tembiricha inosvika 250°F.
- Kudzikisa kaviri: Chitsiko chevharuvhu chakadzikiswa kuseri kwedhisiki uye kunze kwepakati, zvichideredza kusakara kwechigaro. Vharuvhu iyi yakakodzera kushandiswa nepakati-pakati uye tembiricha dzinosvika 400°F.
- Kudzikisa katatu: Kona yechigaro yakawedzera kuita simbi inogadzira chisimbiso chesimbi kubva pasimbi. Vharuvhu iyi yakakodzera kune ine pressure yakakwira (kusvika kuClass 600) uye tembiricha yakakwira (kusvika ku1200)°F) mashandisirwo uye anosangana nezvinodiwa zvekusaburitsa mvura zvachose.
3.2 Nzira yekushanda
Mhando dzemagetsi dzinosanganisira manual, pneumatic, electric, uye hydraulic kuti zvienderane nezvinodiwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvekushanda.
4. Mashandisirwo eindasitiri
Mavharuvhu eshavishavi ane flanged anoshandiswa zvakanyanya muzvikamu zvinotevera:
- Kurapa Mvura Netsvina: Inoshandiswa kudzora kuyerera kwemvura mumiti yekurapa uye masisitimu ekutsausa. - Kugadzira Makemikoro: Kubata maasidhi, alkali, uye zvinonyungudutsa kunoda zvinhu zvinodzivirira ngura.
- Oiri neGasi: Kugadzira mapaipi emafuta asina kucheneswa, gasi rechisikigo, uye maitiro ekuchenesa.
- HVAC Systems: Inodzora kufamba kwemhepo nemvura muma network ekudziya nekutonhodza.
- Kugadzira Magetsi: Kunotarisira utsi, mvura inotonhodza, uye mafuta.
- Chikafu & Chinwiwa: Dhizaini yehutsanana yekubata mvura isina utachiona.
- Mishonga: Kudzora kwakarurama munzvimbo dzisina utachiona.
- Marini & Pulp & Paper: Inoshandiswa pakugadzira makemikari mumvura yegungwa, pulp, uye mvura yemugungwa.
5. Zvakanakira uye Zvakaipira zveFlange Butterfly Valve
5.1 Zvakanakira:
- Yakareba uye yakareruka, ichideredza mari yekuisa uye zvinodiwa nenzvimbo.
- Kushanda nekukurumidza kwekota yekuchinja uye kupindura nekukurumidza.
- Mutengo wakaderera wedhayamita hombe.
- Kurasikirwa nedzvinyiriro shoma kana yakavhurika, inoshanda zvakanaka uye inoshanda zvakanaka.
- Yakakodzera kushandura mvura ine simba rakanaka rekuvharisa.
- Zviri nyore kuchengetedza uye zvinoenderana nemasisitimu e otomatiki.
5.2 Zvakashata:
- Dhisiki revharuvhu rinovhara nzira yekuyerera kwemvura kana rakavhurika, zvichikonzera kurasikirwa nekumanikidzwa. - Kukwanisa kushoma kwekudzora simba mukushandiswa kwekumanikidzwa kwakanyanya, izvo zvinogona kukonzera cavitation.
- Zvigaro zvemavharuvhu akapfava zvinopera nekukurumidza kana zvichishandiswa zvinokwesha.
- Kuvhara nekukurumidza kunogona kukonzera mvura yakawanda.
- Mamwe magadzirirwo anoda ma torque ekutanga akakwira, achida ma actuator akasimba.
6. Maitiro ekuisa vharuvhu reshavishavi
Panguva yekuisa, batanidza flange yevharuvhu neflange yepombi, uchiita shuwa kuti maburi ebhoti anoenderana.
Isa gasket rekuvhara.
Simbisa nemabhaudhi nenzungu, uchisunga zvakaenzana kudzivirira kukanganiswa.
Mavharuvhu ane flange mbiri anoda kuti mativi ese ari maviri arongwe panguva imwe chete; mavharuvhu emhando yelug anogona kusungirirwa divi rimwe chete panguva imwe chete.
Tarisa rusununguko rwekufamba kwedhisiki nekubhururutsa vharuvhu usati wadzvanya.
Kana yaiswa yakatwasuka, tsinde yevharuvhu inofanira kuiswa yakatwasuka kudzivirira kuungana kwetsvina.
Gara uchitevera nhungamiro dzemugadziri uye mwero wekuyedza wakadai seAPI 598.
7. Mitemo neMitemo
Mavharuvhu eshavishavi ane flangedinofanira kutevedzera mitemo yekuchengetedza uye yekudyidzana:
- Dhizaini: API 609, EN 593, ASME B16.34. -Kuedza: API 598, EN 12266-1, ISO 5208.
- Flanges: ASME B16.5, DIN, JIS.
- Zvitupa: CE, SIL3, API 607.(kuchengetedzwa kwemoto).
8. Kuenzanisa nemamwe mavharuvhu
Zvichienzaniswa nemavharuvhu egedhi, mavharuvhu eshavishavi ane flange anoshanda nekukurumidza uye anopa kugona kwekudzora mafambiro emvura, asi haanyanyi kusimba pakuyerera kwemvura.
Kana tichienzanisa nemavharuvhu ebhora, anodhura zvishoma kana dhayamita yakakura, asi anowana kurasikirwa kwakanyanya kwekumanikidzwa panguva yekuvhurwa.
Mavharuvhu eglobe anopa mavharuvhu anonyatsoshanda nemazvo, asi akakura uye anodhura zvakanyanya.
Kazhinji, mavharuvhu emashavishavi anoshanda zvakanaka mukushandiswa kusingadhuri nzvimbo uye kunoderedza mari.