Gwaro reVharuvhu rekudzivirira moto

Mavharuvhu ekudzivirira moto anowanikwa zvakanyanya mukuvaka masisitimu ekudzivirira moto.

Dzinonyanya kushandiswa kudzora kufamba kwemvura. Dzinovhurika uye dzinovhara nekukurumidza. Dziri diki uye dziri nyore kuisa.

Kana tichienzanisa nemavharuvhu egedhi kana mavharuvhu eglobe, mavharuvhu eshavishavi haadi simba rekushanda rakawanda. Izvi zvinoita kuti anyatsokodzera mapaipi ane dhayamita hombe.
Unogona kuawana kakawanda pamapombi makuru ema fire hydrant systems emukati meimba, automatic sprinkler systems, fire pombi outlet, zoned water supply systems, uye outdoor fire mains.
Vanowanikwa kwese kwese muma "fire systems". Nekuda kweizvi, vanowanzoonekwa sevasina basa.

1. Chii Chinoita Kuti Vharuvhu Yeshavishavi Ive "Giredhi Rekudzivirira Moto"

1.1 Tsanangudzo yeVharuvhu reBhatafurayi Rinodzivirira Moto.

Mavharuvhu eshavishavi ekudzivirira moto anowanzo kunzi mavharuvhu eshavishavi echiratidzo chemoto kana kuti mavharuvhu emoto akatsaurirwa.

Vharuvhu yeshavishavi yekudzivirira moto haitsanangurwi nechitarisiko chayo kana zita rayo.
Inoreva vharuvhu yemapuruguru yakakodzera kushandiswa muzvishandiso zvekudzivirira moto. Inonyanya kushandiswa kudzora kufamba kwemvura mumapaipi emvura kana emvura inopfapfaidza.

Musiyano mukuru kubva kuvharuvhu yebhatafurayi yakajairika ndeiyi:
Inogona kutumira zviratidzo zvekuvhura kana kuvhara panguva chaiyo kunzvimbo yekudzora moto.

Pamusoro pezvo, vharuvhu yeshavishavi yekudzivirira moto inofanira kushanda zvakanaka mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma emoto, kusanganisira:

*Kumanikidzwa kwenguva refu kwenzvimbo
*Kumanikidzwa kunomuka kamwe kamwe kana pombi yemoto yatanga
*Sando yemvura panguva yekushanda kwevharuvhu kana kuchinja sisitimu
*Kushanda kwakavimbika mumamiriro ezvinhu epanjodzi

1.2 Sei Mavharuvhu Emashavishavi Achishandiswa Mumasystem Emoto?

Kushanda kwemadhigirii makumi mapfumbamwe (90-degree) kuti mhinduro ikurumidze
Kuramba kwedhisiki kwakaderera uye kurasikirwa nekumanikidzwa kunodzorwa
Zvakachipa kupfuura mavharuvhu egedhi ehukuru hwakakura

2. Mhando Dzakajairika uye Zvinhu zveMavharuvhu eButterfly Anodzivirira Moto

Mavharuvhu mazhinji ekudzivirira moto ane mhando ye grooved kana flanged.
Dzakashongedzerwa nezviratidzo zvenzvimbo. Mamiriro ekuvhurika neakavharwa anogona kutumirwa kukamuri rekudzora moto.

2.1 Mhando dzekubatanidza

2.1.1 Vharuvhu yeBhatafurayi Yakakuyiwa

Migero inochekwa pamagumo epombi uye yakabatana nekubatanidza.
Kuisa kwacho kunokurumidza uye hakudiwi kusungirirwa.
Vharuvhu yerudzi rweshavishavi yeGroovesyakakodzera zvivakwa zvitsva uye kugadziriswa kwenzvimbo.
Vanopfuura 80% vemasystem emoto anoshandisa rudzi urwu.

2.1.2 Vharuvhu yeBhatafurayi yeWafer

Iyovharuvhu yemhando yewaferMuviri wacho hauna maflanges uye wakasungirirwa zvakananga pakati peflanges dzemapaipi maviri.

Ndiyo diki uye yakareruka, asi inoda kurongeka kwakanyatsojeka panguva yekuiswa.

2.1.3 Vharuvhu yeBhatafurayi Yakatsetseka

Magumo ese ari maviri ane maflanges uye akasimbiswa nemabhoti.
Kuvhara kwakavimbika uye kugadzirisa kuri nyore.
Rudzi urwu runowanzo shandiswa pamapombi ane simba rakawanda kana kuti mapaipi makuru.

2.2 Mhando dzeKuvhara

2.2.1 Vharuvhu yeBhatafurayi Yakapfava Yakagara

Kuvhara rabha kunoshandiswa. Kushanda kwakasimba kwekudzima.
Yakakodzera mvura yakachena patembiricha yakajairika.

2.2.2 Vharuvhu yeSimbi Yakagara Butterfly

Simbi-kubva-kusimbiKuvhara. Zviri nani kana paine kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya.
Yakakodzera mvura inogona kunge iine tsvina.

Pazvinhu, muviri wevharuvhu unowanzova simbi ine epoxy coating yekudzivirira ngura.
Dhisiki iyi yakagadzirwa nesimbi ine nickel coating kana simbi isina ngura.
Hunde yacho ndeyesimbi isina ngura.

Mvura yemoto inowanzogara isina kuchinjika kwenguva yakareba. Njodzi yekuora yakanyanya.
Zvinhu izvi zvinosarudzwa kuti zvigare kwenguva refu.

3. Kuyera Kumanikidzwa Kukuru muSistimu dzeDziviriro yeMoto

3.1 Kureba kweSpray yedzidziso pasi pekumanikidzwa

Mumapurojekiti mazhinji emoto, PN16 ndiyo chiyero chekumanikidzwa kwemagetsi.

Zvichienderana nemutemo wechiChinese weGB 50974 - Code for Design of Fire Water Supply and Hydrant Systems, simba rekushanda kwemidziyo yemoto iri mukati meimba rinowanzova pakati pe1.0 MPa ne1.6 MPa.

Kune zvivakwa zvirefu kana nzvimbo dzakakura, kumanikidzwa kunogona kunge kwakakwira.
Zvisinei, PN16 yatove yakafukidza zvivakwa zvakawanda zvakajairika.

Vanhu vazhinji vanobvunza kuti mvura yakawanda sei inogona kupfapfaidzwa pasi pekumanikidzwa uku.
Semuenzaniso, kana mvura iri pasi pekumanikidzwa kwePN16, inogona kusvika mamita 163 yakatwasuka.

Kukosha uku kunoverengerwa uchishandisa fomura:

h = P / (ρ × g)

Kupi:
P = 1.6 × 10⁶ Pa
ρ (kuwanda kwemvura) ≈ 1000 kg/m³
g ≈ 9.81 m/s²

Mhedzisiro yakaverengerwa:
h ≈ 163 m

Mumamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo, kuramba kwemuromo wemuromo, kukweshana kwemhepo, uye kurasikirwa nemapaipi kunoderedza kukwirira.
Kureba chaiko kwekupfapfaidza kunowanzova mamita 140–150.
Izvi zvakakwana kune zvivakwa zvakawanda, zvakaita sedzimba dzemarefu nezvitoro.

3.2 Kureba Chaiko Kwespray MuMaitiro Einjiniya

Mumichina yemoto, kumanikidzwa hakusi kwekufungidzira.
Zvinoenderana zvakananga nekukwirira kwechivako.

Mushure mekufunga nezvekurasikirwa kwepombi, miganhu yekuchengetedza, uye kushanduka-shanduka kwedzvinyiriro kunokonzerwa nekutangira nekumira kwepombi, zvinhu zvinotevera zvinowanzo gamuchirwa:

Nekuda kweizvi, PN16 inova sarudzo yakachengeteka uye isingadhuri zvakanyanya.

3.3 Kuongororwa Kwakajairika Kwekumanikidzwa Mumapurojekiti Emoto

Masisitimu emvura inodzima moto mumba → PN16
Masisitimu ekuisa mvura otomatiki → PN16
Mains emoto ekunze → PN16 kana kupfuura
Mitsetse yekuburitsa pombi yemoto → PN20 / PN25 mune mamwe mapurojekiti

Kana chiyero chekumanikidzwa chiri pasi pePN16,
sisitimu iyi inogona kushaya mukana wakakwana wekuchengetedza panguva yenjodzi.