Nzvimbo yekuvharira yevharuvhu inowanzo ngura, kupwanyika uye kupfekwa nechinhu chinobuda, saka chikamu chacho chinokuvara zviri nyore pavharuvhu. Zvakadai sevharuvhu yebhora repneumatic nevharuvhu yemagetsi yebhatafurayi nemamwe mavharuvhu otomatiki, nekuda kwekuvhurwa nekuvharwa nguva nenguva, hunhu hwavo uye hupenyu hwebasa zvinokanganiswa zvakananga. Chinodiwa chikuru chevharuvhu yekuvharira ndechekuti vharuvhu igone kuona kuvharwa kwakachengeteka uye kwakavimbika pasi pemamiriro ekushanda akatarwa. Saka, zvinhu zviri pamusoro zvinofanira kunge zvine zvinotevera:
(1) Kushanda zvakanaka kwekuvhara, kureva kuti, nzvimbo yekuvhara inofanira kukwanisa kudzivirira kubuda kwechinhu chacho;
(2) Ine simba rakati, nzvimbo yekuvharira inofanira kukwanisa kutsungirira kukosha kwekumanikidzwa kwakanangana nekumanikidzwa kwakagadzirwa nemusiyano wepakati wekumanikidzwa;
(3) Kuramba ngura, pasi pekushandiswa kwenguva refu kwenzvimbo inoparadza uye kushushikana, nzvimbo inovhara inofanira kunge iine kuramba kwakasimba kwengura kunoenderana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira;
(4) Kugona kuramba kukwenya, kuvharwa kwevharuvhu zvese zvinoshanduka, uye pane kukakavadzana pakati pekuvharwa panguva yekuvhurwa nekuvhara;
(5) Kuramba kukanganiswa kwevhu, nzvimbo yekuvharira inofanira kukwanisa kudzivirira kukanganiswa kwemidziyo inomhanya zvakanyanya uye kudonha kwezvikamu zvakasimba;
(6) Kugadzikana kwakanaka kwekupisa, nzvimbo yekuvhara inofanira kunge iine simba rakakwana uye inodzivirira oxidation pakupisa kwakanyanya, uye inofanira kunge iine kudzivirira kutonhora kusingatani kutonhora pakupisa kwakaderera;
(7) Kushanda zvakanaka pakugadzirisa, kuri nyore kugadzira nekugadzirisa, vharuvhu inoshandiswa sechinhu chinoshandiswa zvakanyanya, uye ine chokwadi chekuti ichave nemutengo wakaderera.
Mamiriro ekushandiswa uye misimboti yekusarudza zvinhu zvekuvhara mavharuvhu. Zvinhu zvekuvhara pamusoro zvakakamurwa kuita mapoka maviri: simbi uye isiri simbi. Mamiriro ezvinhu anoshandiswa pazvinhu zvinowanzoshandiswa ndeaya anotevera:
(1) Rabha. Inowanzo shandiswa pakuvhara mavharuvhu egedhi ane simba shoma, mavharuvhu ediaphragm, mavharuvhu eshavishavi, mavharuvhu ekutarisa uye mamwe mavharuvhu.
(2) Plastiki. Mapurasitiki anoshandiswa pakuvhara pamusoro inylon nePTFE, izvo zvine hunhu hwekudzivirira ngura zvakanaka uye diki diki yekukweshana.
(3) Babbitt. Inozivikanwawo se bearing alloy, ine simba rakanaka rekudzivirira ngura uye kugona kwayo kushanda zvakanaka. Yakakodzera kuvhara pamusoro pevharuvhu yekudzima yeammonia ine kumanikidzwa kwakaderera uye tembiricha ye -70-150℃.
(4) Chiumbwa chemhangura. Chinodzivirira kupera simba uye chinogona kudzivirira kupisa. Chakakodzera vharuvhu yepasi rose, vharuvhu yegedhi resimbi yakakandwa uye vharuvhu yekutarisa, nezvimwewo. Chinowanzo shandiswa pamvura neutsi zvine kumanikidzwa kwakaderera uye tembiricha isingapfuuri 200℃.
(5) Simbi isina ngura yeChrome-nickel. Inodzivirira ngura zvakanaka, inodzivirira kukurwa kwevhu uye inodzivirira kupisa. Yakakodzera kushandiswa muzvinhu zvakaita se vapor nitric acid.
(6) Simbi isina ngura yeChrome. Inodzivirira ngura zvakanaka uye inowanzo shandiswa mumavharuvhu ane kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya uye tembiricha isingapfuuri 450 ℃ yemafuta, utsi hwemvura nezvimwe zvinhu.
(7) Simbi ine chromium yakawanda. Inodzivirira ngura zvakanaka uye inoshanda nesimba, uye yakakodzera kushandiswa pakumanikidzwa kwakanyanya, mafuta anodziya zvakanyanya, utsi nezvimwe zvinoshandiswa pakugadzira.
(8) Simbi ine nitride. Inodzivirira ngura zvakanaka uye inodzivirira kukwenya, uye inowanzo shandiswa mumavharuvhu egedhi remagetsi anodziya. Chinhu ichi chinogonawo kusarudzwa sebhora remavharuvhu ebhora akavharwa zvakasimba.
(9) Carbide. Ine hunhu hwakanaka hwakakwana hwakadai sekudzivirira ngura, kudzivirira kukurwa kwevhu uye kuramba kukwenya, uye inogara kwenguva refu. Chinhu chakakodzera kuchengetedza. Maelectrode epamusoro e tungsten drill alloy uye drill base alloy surfacing alloy anoshandiswa zvakanyanya, nezvimwewo, anogona kugadzira pressure yakanyanya, ultra-high tembiricha sealing surface, yakakodzera mafuta, mafuta, gasi, hydrogen nezvimwe zvinoshandiswa.
(10) Spray welding alloy. Kune ma alloys ane cobalt-based alloys, nickel-based alloys, uye chirebvu-based alloys, ane resistance yakanaka yekuora uye resistance yekupfekwa.
Kuti chisimbiso chevharuvhu chive chakachengeteka uye chakavimbika, chinhu chakasarudzwa chinofanira kusarudzwa zvichienderana nemamiriro chaiwo ekushanda. Kana chinhu chacho chiri chekupisa zvakanyanya, pakusarudza zvinhu, chinofanira kusangana nekushanda kwakanaka kwekuora pakutanga, uye chobva chasangana nezvinodiwa nezvimwe zvinhu; Chisimbiso chevharuvhu chegedhi chinofanira kutarisisa kuramba kwakanaka kwekukwenya; Mavharuvhu ekuchengetedza, mavharuvhu ethrottle uye vharuvhu inotonga zvinokurumidza kukuvadzwa nechinhu chacho, uye zvinhu zvine kuramba kwakanaka kwekuora zvinofanira kusarudzwa; Kune chimiro chakafukidzwa cherin'i yekuvharira nemuviri, zvinhu zvine kuoma kwakanyanya zvinofanira kutariswa senzvimbo yekuvharira; Mavharuvhu akajairika ane tembiricha yakaderera uye kumanikidzwa anofanira kusarudza rabha nepurasitiki ine kushanda kwakanaka kwekuvharira sechisimbiso; Pakusarudza chinhu chekuvharira, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kuoma kwenzvimbo yechigaro chevharuvhu kunofanira kunge kwakakwirira kupfuura kwenzvimbo yekuvharira yedhisiki yevharuvhu.
Nguva yekutumira: Mbudzi-02-2022