Chii chinonzi vharuvhu yeshavishavi?
A vharuvhu yeshavishaviivharuvhu inotenderera nekota. Inoshandiswa kudzora kana kuparadzanisa kuyerera kwemvura mumapaipi. Vharuvhu yemashavishavi uye nekuda kwekugadzirwa kwayo kuri nyore uye kushanda kwayo zvakanaka uye nemarudzi ese ehupenyu.
Kwakatangira zita revharuvhu remashavishavi: chivharo chevharuvhu chakaita seshavishavi uye chakapihwa zita iroro.
1. Chimiro
Vharuvhu yeshavishavi ine zvikamu zvikuru zvinotevera:
- Muviri: imba inobata zvikamu zvese zvemukati uye inobatanidza nepaipi.
- Disc: ndiro yakatetepa yakatenderera iri mukati memuviri wevharuvhu, iyo inodzora kuyerera kwemvura nekutenderera.
- Hunde: Mubato unobatanidza actuator nevharuvhu uye unoibvumira kutenderera.
- Chigaro: Nzvimbo yekuvhara mukati memuviri wevharuvhu, apo chivharo chinodzvanya chigaro kuti chigadzire chivharo chinovharika kana chakavharwa kuti mvura irege kuyerera.
- Actuator: Manual actuators akadai sema handles, honye giya, asiwo emagetsi uye pneumatic.
Zvinhu izvi zvinobatana kuti zvigadzire vharuvhu diki, yakareruka iri nyore kuisa nekugadzirisa.
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2. Nheyo yekushanda
Kushanda kwevharuvhu remashavishavi kunoenderana ne torque ne hydrodynamics. Zvinodiwa pa torque zvinosiyana zvichienderana nekusiyana kwekumanikidzwa pakati pemativi maviri evharuvhu remashavishavi nenzvimbo yevharuvhu. Zvinofadza kuti torque inosvika pakuvhurwa kwevharuvhu ne 70-80% nekuda kwe dynamic torque yemvura. Hunhu uhwu hunoda kuenderana kwakanyatsojeka kwe actuator.
Pamusoro pezvo, mavharuvhu eshavishavi ane curve yakaenzana yekuyerera kwemvura, zvinoreva kuti kugadziriswa kudiki kwebhandi kune mhedzisiro yakakura pakufamba kwemvura pamavharuvhu akaderera pane mavharuvhu ari pedyo nekuzara. Izvi zvinoita kuti mavharuvhu eshavishavi ave akakodzera kudzora throttling mumamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo, zvinopesana nepfungwa yakajairika yekuti anokodzera chete kushandiswa pakushanda nekudzimwa.
Mavharuvhu eshavishavi ari nyore uye anoshanda zvakanaka:
- Nzvimbo yakavhurika: chivharo chevharuvhu chinotenderedzwa chakatarisana nekwakananga mvura, zvichibvumira mvura kuti ipfuure nepasingapikiswe.
- Nzvimbo yakavharwa: vharuvhu inotenderera yakatwasuka kuenda kudivi remvura, ichivhara mvura yacho zvachose.
Sevharuvhu inotenderera kwekota, inochinja pakati pekuvhura zvizere nekuvhara zvizere nekutenderedza madhigirii makumi mapfumbamwe chete, nekukurumidza uye zvinobudirira.
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3. Zvakanakira nezvakaipira
3.1 Mabhenefiti emavharuvhu eshavishavi
- Yakaoma uye yakareruka: Diki uye iri nyore kuisa kupfuura mamwe mavharuvhu akadai semavharuvhu egedhi kana eglobe.
- Inodhura uye inoshanda zvakanaka: mutengo wakaderera nekuda kwekuvaka kuri nyore uye zvinhu zvishoma.
- Inoshanda nekukurumidza: inogona kuvhurwa kana kuvharwa nekutenderera kwekota, yakakodzera kukurumidza kupindura zvinodiwa.
- Mari shoma yekugadzirisa: zvikamu zvishoma zvinofamba zvinoreva kusakara kushoma uye kugadzirisa kuri nyore.
3.2 Zvakashata zvemavharuvhu emashavishavi
- Kudzora mvura zvishoma nezvishoma: hazvina kukodzera kudzora kuyerera kwemvura nemazvo, kunyanya kana paine kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya, sezvo zvichigona kukonzera kusagadzikana uye kusakara.
- Njodzi yekubuda kwemvura: mamwe magadzirirwo anogona kusanyatso vhara semamwe marudzi emavharuvhu uye pane njodzi yekubuda kwemvura.
- Kudzikira kwekumanikidzwa: kunyangwe kana yakavhurika, chivharo chevharuvhu chinoramba chiri munzira yekuyerera, zvichikonzera kudzikira kudiki kwekumanikidzwa.
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4. Mashandisirwo
Mavharuvhu emashavishavi anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri mazhinji nekuda kwekugona kwawo kudzora huwandu hwakawanda hwemvura pasina kudzvanywa kwakanyanya, zvichiita kuti ave akakodzera mapaipi makuru.
Muenzaniso:
- Kurapa mvura: kutarisira kuyerera kwemvura muzvigadziko zvekuchenesa mvura uye ma network ekugovera mvura.
- Masisitimu eHVAC: kudzora kufamba kwemhepo mumasisitimu ekudziyisa, ekufema uye emhepo inotonhodza.
- Kugadziriswa kwemakemikari: Kunogona kushandiswa kubata makemikari akasiyana-siyana nekuda kwekubatana kwezvinhu.
- Chikafu neZvinwiwa: zvekuchenesa nekuda kwekuchenesa kuri nyore.
- Oiri negasi: zvinodzora uye zvinoparadzanisa kufamba kwemvura mumapaipi nenzvimbo dzekuchenesesa.
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Muchidimbu,mavharuvhu eshavishaviinzira inoshanda uye inodhura zvishoma yekudzora mvura, inokosheswa nekuda kwekureruka kwayo uye kushanduka-shanduka kwayo.