1. Chii chinonzi EN593 butterfly valve?
Vharuvhu yeshavishavi yeEN593 inoreva vharuvhu yeshavishavi yesimbi yakagadzirwa uye yakagadzirwa zvichienderana neBS EN 593:2017 standard, ine zita rekuti “Industrial Valves - General Metal Butterfly Valves.” Iyi standard inoburitswa neBritish Standards Institution (BSI) uye inoenderana neEuropean Standards (EN), ichipa hurongwa hwakakwana hwekugadzira, zvinhu, saizi, kuyedzwa, uye mashandiro emavharuvhu eshavishavi.
Mavharuvhu eshavishavi eEN593 anozivikanwa nemidziyo yawo yesimbi uye nzira dzakasiyana dzekubatanidza, dzakadai sewafer-type, lug-type, kana double-flanged. Mavharuvhu aya anogona kushanda mumamiriro akasiyana ekumanikidzwa uye tembiricha. Mutemo uyu unovimbisa kuti mavharuvhu anosangana nezvinodiwa zvakasimba zvekuchengetedza, kugara kwenguva refu, kushanda zvakanaka, uye kuvimbika.
2. Zvinhu Zvikuru zveEN593 Butterfly Valve
* Kushanda kwekota yekutendeuka: Mavharuvhu eshavishavi anoshanda nekutenderedza dhisiki revharuvhu nemadhigirii makumi mapfumbamwe, zvichiita kuti kuyerera kwemvura kudzorwe nekukurumidza uye nemazvo.
* Dhizaini diki: Kana tichienzanisa nemavharuvhu egedhi, mavharuvhu ebhora, kana mavharuvhu eglobe, mavharuvhu eshavishavi akareruka uye anochengetedza nzvimbo, zvichiita kuti akwanise kuiswa munzvimbo isina nzvimbo yakawanda.
* Kubatana kwakasiyana-siyana: Kunowanikwa muwafer, lug, double flange, single flange, kana U-type designs, zvinoenderana nemasisitimu akasiyana-siyana epombi.
* Kudzivirira ngura: Yakagadzirwa nezvinhu zvemhando yepamusoro zvinodzivirira ngura kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti inogara kwenguva refu munzvimbo dzinoparadza.
* Torque yakaderera: Yakagadzirwa kuderedza zvinodiwa zve torque, zvichiita kuti otomatiki ive nema actuator madiki uye kuderedza mitengo.
* Kuvhara kusina kuburitsa mvura: Mavharuvhu mazhinji eEN593 ane zvigaro zvakapfava kana zvigaro zvesimbi, zvichipa kuvharwa kwakasimba kuti zvishande zvakanaka.
3. BS EN 593:2017 Standard Details
Kubva muna 2025, chiyero cheBS EN 593 chave kushandisa vhezheni ya2017. EN593 igwara rakazara remavharuvhu esimbi, richitsanangura zvinodiwa zvishoma zvekugadzira, zvinhu, saizi, uye kuyedza. Inotevera isumo yakadzama yezviri mukati mechiyero ichi, ichitsigirwa nedata reindasitiri.
3.1. Chiyero chechiyero
BS EN 593:2017 inoshanda kumavharuvhu esimbi emabhatafurayi nekuda kwezvinangwa zvakajairika, kusanganisira kupatsanura, kudzora, kana kudzora kuyerera kwemvura. Inofukidza mhando dzakasiyana dzemavharuvhu ane mapombi ekubatanidza, akadai se:
* Rudzi rweWafer: Yakasungirirwa pakati pemaflange maviri, ine chimiro chidiki uye dhizaini yakareruka.
* Rudzi rweLug: Rune maburi ekuisa ane tambo, akakodzera kushandiswa pamagumo emapaipi.
* Yakaputirwa kaviri: Ine maflange akabatanidzwa, akasungirirwa zvakananga kumaflange epombi.
* Imwe chete: Ine maflange akabatana ari pakati pe valvu yemuviri.
* Rudzi rweU: Rudzi rwakakosha rwevharuvhu yemhando yewafer ine magumo maviri eflange uye saizi yakabatana yakatarisana.
3.2. Kudzvanywa uye Saizi Range
BS EN 593:2017 inotsanangura huwandu hwekumanikidzwa uye saizi yemavharuvhu eshavishavi:
* Kuongororwa kwekumanikidzwa:
- PN 2.5, PN 6, PN 10, PN 16, PN 25, PN 40, PN 63, PN 100, PN 160 (kuongororwa kwekumanikidzwa kweEurope).
- Kirasi 150, Kirasi 300, Kirasi 600, Kirasi 900 (ASME pressure ratings).
* Saizi yehukuru:
- DN 20 kusvika DN 4000 (dhayamita yepakati, inenge 3/4 inch kusvika 160 inches).
3.3. Zvinodiwa pakugadzira nekugadzira
Mutemo uyu unotsanangura zvinodiwa pakugadzira kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti vharuvhu rakavimbika uye rinoita basa:
* Zvinhu zvemuviri wevharuvhu: Mavharuvhu anofanira kugadzirwa nezvinhu zvesimbi zvakaita sesimbi yakapfava, simbi yekabhoni (ASTM A216 WCB), simbi isingatsvedzeri (ASTM A351 CF8/CF8M), kana bhuronzi realuminium (C95800).
* Dhizaini yedhisiki revharuvhu: Dhisiki revharuvhu rinogona kunge riri pakati kana kuti rakasiyana (rinodzikira kuti zvigaro zvisaparare uye zvisashande zvakanaka).
* Zvigaro zvevharuvhu: Zvigaro zvevharuvhu zvinogona kugadzirwa nezvinhu zvinopfava (senge rabha kana PTFE) kana zvinhu zvesimbi, zvichienderana nekushandiswa kwazvo. Zvigaro zvinopfava zvinovhara zvachose, nepo zvigaro zvesimbi zvichifanirawo kutsungirira tembiricha yakakwira uye ngura pamwe nekubvisa zvachose.
* Zviyero zvekutarisana: Zvinofanira kutevedzera EN 558-1 kana ISO 5752 kuti zvive nechokwadi chekuti zvinoenderana nemasisitimu emapaipi.
* Zviyero zveFlange: Zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvakaita se EN 1092-2 (PN10/PN16), ANSI B16.1, ASME B16.5, kana BS 10 Table D/E, zvichienderana nerudzi rwevharuvhu.
* Actuator: Mavharuvhu anogona kushandiswa nemaoko (mubato kana giya remagetsi) kana kushandiswa otomatiki (actuator yepneumatic, yemagetsi, kana yehydraulic). Flange yepamusoro inofanira kutevedzera ISO 5211 standards kuti igone kuisirwa actuator yakajairika.
3.4. Kuedza nekuongorora
Kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti mhando uye mashandiro, BS EN 593:2017 inoda kuyedzwa kwakasimba:
* Kuedzwa kwekumanikidzwa kwe hydraulic: Kunosimbisa kuti vharuvhu haina kudonhedza mvura kana paine kumanikidzwa kwakatarwa.
* Bvunzo yekushanda: Inovimbisa kushanda zvakanaka uye torque yakakodzera mumamiriro ezvinhu akaedzwa.
* Kuedza Kudonha Kwemvura: Simbisa kuvharwa kwechigaro chevharuvhu che elastic-tight-bubble zvichienderana neEN 12266-1 kana API 598 standards.
* Chitupa Chekuongorora: Mugadziri anofanira kupa mishumo yekuongorora nekuongorora kuti aone kuti zvinodiwa zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa.
3.5. Mashandisirwo eEN593 Butterfly Valves
* Kurapa Mvura: Gadzirisa uye paradzanisa kuyerera kwemvura dzakasiyana-siyana dzemvura yakachena, yegungwa, kana yetsvina. Zvinhu zvisingapindi ngura uye machira anoita kuti zvive zvakakodzera munzvimbo dzakaoma.
* Maindasitiri emakemikari nemafuta: Kubata zvinhu zvinopisa zvakaita semaacid, alkalis, uye zvinonyungudutsa, kubatsirwa nezvinhu zvakaita sezvigaro zvePTFE uye madiski evharuvhu ane PFA.
* Oiri neGasi: Kutarisira mvura inodziya uye inopisa zvakanyanya mumapaipi, mafekitori, uye mapuratifomu ekunze. Dhizaini ye "double-offset" inofarirwa nekuda kwekugara kwayo kwenguva refu mumamiriro ezvinhu aya.
* Masisitimu eHVAC: Kudzora kufamba kwemhepo, mvura, kana firiji mumasisitimu ekudziyisa nekutonhodza.
* Kugadzira magetsi: Kudzora utsi, mvura inotonhodza, kana zvimwe zvinwiwa mumagetsi.
* Maindasitiri ezvekudya nemishonga: Kushandisa zvinhu zvinotevedzera FDA (zvakaita sePTFE neWRA-certified EPDM) kuve nechokwadi chekuti hazvisvibisi uye zvinosangana nezvinodiwa zvehutsanana.
3.6. Kugadzirisa nekuongorora
Kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti inoshanda kwenguva refu, mavharuvhu eshavishavi eEN593 anoda kugadziriswa nguva nenguva:
* Kuongororwa kakawanda: Ongororai mwedzi mitanhatu yega yega kusvika pagore kuti muone kana paine matambudziko ekusakara, ngura, kana mashandiro.
* Kuzora: Deredza kukweshana uye wedzera hupenyu hwevharuvhu.
* Kuongororwa kweChigaro cheVharuvhu neChisimbiso: Simbisa kuvimbika kwezvigaro zvevharuvhu zvinopfava kana zvesimbi kudzivirira kubuda kwemvura.
* Kugadziriswa kweActuator: Iva nechokwadi chekuti maactuator emhepo kana emagetsi haana marara uye anoshanda zvakanaka.
4. Kuenzanisa neMamwe MaStandard API 609
Kunyange hazvo BS EN 593 ichishandiswa mumaindasitiri, yakasiyana neAPI 609 standard, iyo yakagadzirirwa kushandiswa kwemafuta negasi. Misiyano mikuru inosanganisira:
* Chinangwa chekushandisa: API 609 inotarisa nharaunda yemafuta negesi, ukuwo BS EN 593 inotarisa maindasitiri akasiyana-siyana, anosanganisira kurapwa kwemvura nekugadzira zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana.
* Kuyera kumanikidzwa: API 609 inowanzo sanganisira Kirasi 150 kusvika Kirasi 2500, nepo BS EN 593 inosanganisira PN 2.5 kusvika PN 160 uye Kirasi 150 kusvika Kirasi 900.
* Dhizaini: API 609 inosimbisa zvinhu zvinodzivirira ngura kuti zvigone kumira mumamiriro ezvinhu akaomarara, nepo BS EN 593 ichibvumira kusarudzwa kwezvinhu zvinochinjika zviri nyore.
* Kuyedza: Mitemo yese miviri inoda kuyedzwa kwakasimba, asi API 609 inosanganisira zvimwe zvinodiwa zvekugadzira zvisingatsvi, izvo zvakakosha mukushandiswa kwemafuta negasi.
5. Mhedziso
| Chinhu | Zvinhu Zvikuru Zvinotsanangurwa neEN 593 |
| Rudzi rweVharuvhu | Mavharuvhu eshavishavi esimbi |
| Kushanda | Manual, giya, pneumatic, magetsi |
| Zviyero zveChiso neChiso | Sekureva kweEN 558 Series 20 (wafer/lug) kana Series 13/14 (yakaputirwa) |
| Kuongororwa kweDzvinyiriro | Kazhinji PN 6, PN 10, PN 16 (inogona kusiyana) |
| Kupisa Kwekugadzira | Zvichienderana nezvinhu zvinoshandiswa |
| Kuenderana kweFlange | EN 1092-1 (PN flanges), ISO 7005 |
| Maitiro Ekuyedza | EN 12266-1 yekuyedza kumanikidzwa uye kubuda kwemvura |
Muyero weBS EN 593:2017 unopa hurongwa hwakasimba hwekugadzira, kugadzira, uye kuyedza mavharuvhu esimbi, zvichiita kuti ave akavimbika, akachengeteka, uye anoshanda zvakanaka mumhando dzakasiyana siyana dzemashandisirwo. Nekutevedzera zvinodiwa nechiyero chekuyera kumanikidzwa, saizi, zvinhu, uye kuyedzwa, vagadziri vanogona kugadzira mavharuvhu anosangana nezviyero zvemhando yepamusoro pasi rose.
Kunyangwe uchida mavharuvhu emhando yewafer, lug-type, kana double-flanged butterfly, kutevedzera EN 593 standard kunoita kuti pave nekubatana kwakanaka, kugara kwenguva refu, uye kudzora mvura zvakanaka.